Search Engine and it type by Muhammad Yousuf Ali

Search Engine and its types 

by Muhammad Yousuf Ali

Search Engine

Multiple websites indexing a program that searches for and identifies items in a database that correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user, used especially for finding particular sites on the World Wide Web.

OR

A search engine is a web site that collects and organizes content from all over the internet.

History of Search Engine

Foundation date of the renown search engine are mentioned as under; 

Jump Station, 1993 The father of search engine Jonathon Fletcher

Yahoo was founded by David Filo and Jerry Yang in 1994

Ask.com (originally known as Ask Jeeves) is a question answering search engine, founded in 1996 by Garrett Gruener and David Warthen

Google was founded in 1998 by Larry age and Sergey Brin 

Bing owned and operated by Microsoft Launched in 2009

Types of Search Engine

There are four types of search engines;

•        Crawler based search engines

•        Directories

•        Hybrid search engines

•       Meta search engines

1.Crawler based search engines

Search engines use a "spider" or a "crawler" to search the Internet.  The crawler digs through individual web pages, pulls out keywords and then adds the pages to the search engine's database.  Google and Yahoo are examples of crawler search engines.

The advantage of crawlers are:

•      They contain a huge amount of pages.  

•      Ease of use.  

•      Familiarity.  Most people who search the Internet are familiar with Google.

2. Directories

Directories are human-powered search engines.  A website is submitted to the directory and must be approved for inclusion by the editorial staff.  Open Directory Project and the Internet Public Library are examples of directories.

Examples:

•      Yahoo Directory (www.yahoo.com)

•      Open Directory (www.looksmart.com)

3. Hybrid search engines

Hybrids are a mix of crawlers and directories.  Sometimes, you have a choice when you search whether to search the Web or a directory.  Other times, you may receive both human-powered results and crawler results for the same search.  In this case, the human results are usually listed first.

Examples:

·        Yahoo.com

·        Google.com

4. Meta Search Engine

Meta-search engines are ones that search several other search engines at once and combines the results into one list.  While you get more results with Meta-search engines, the relevancy and quality of the results may sometimes suffer.  Dogpile and Clusty are examples of Meta search engines.

Examples:

·        Dogpile

*    Clusty

Government Teacher in Pakistan

By

Muhammad Yousuf Ali

On October 5, 1994, the first World Teachers' Day was held. After that, This event has been organized on the same date each year since then. In 2002, Canada Post issued a postage stamp to commemorate World Teachers' Day.This year "A Call for Teachers" is the slogan for World Teachers' day¹.

The Profession of Teaching is noble professional. In Pakistan, a large number of population atteched with this profession near about in our provincial set up ministry of Education is considered one of the largest ministries by the value of its human resource.

Teaching profession demand honesty, sincerity, with other good quilities & competency to delivery what you have in your mind. In govt sector schools & we good find only few of them those who have the above qualities.Majority of the Teachers appointed on the basis of their political affiliation and some of then taking salary from their home without performing duties these news are often become part of our madia channels.

Rest of them who perform duties on regular basis, are in status quo after the appointment of post, their B.ed or M.ed, CT, PCT etc. holder most of them are not interseted in improving their learning,teaching skills, methodogoy and etc. Orthodox teaching makes very poor result in BSEK exams. Facts and figure state that Consectutive 10-year no Govt. schools in Karachi hold top 10 positions. Although there is being so many factor involved but one factor role of teacher is also.

As per remarks by a Govt. school teacher that “Only few Govt school complete Course out line of BSEK, most of student to move coaching with the respective teachers at their home.Mostly teacher’s unawears about the counselling and guidance of students which makes distance between teacher and students which creates discipline issues.

This is real picture our government invest millions of Rupees for free distrbution of school text books and other stuff. How it would be suggested if authorities investment some money for the teacher in respect of their training and appraisal courses this will help and encourage teachers. An appointment Shuold be on purly merit basis only for devoted and sincer teacher can change the fate of our country because good teacher produced good citizen. Hope we learn this lesson from the “World Teacher Day”. This is real time to think about teachers because all the youth population grill with their hands.

Muhammad Yousuf Ali

e-mail : Muhammad Yousuf Ali

Reference :

1.     http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/events/public-events/?tx_browser_pi1%5BshowUid%5D=13245&cHash= accessed on Sep 30, 2013